"clúm" meaning in Old Irish

See clúm in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈkluːβ̃/
Etymology: From Latin plūma, from Proto-Indo-European *plewk- (“to fly”). Etymology templates: {{root|sga|ine-pro|*plewk-}}, {{der|sga|la|plūma}} Latin plūma, {{der|sga|ine-pro|*plewk-|t=to fly}} Proto-Indo-European *plewk- (“to fly”) Head templates: {{head|sga|noun|||genitive|clúime|||||||nominative plural|clúma||{{{pl2}}}||{{{pl3}}}|cat2=|g=f|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=|var=}} clúm f (genitive clúime, nominative plural clúma), {{sga-noun|f|clúime|~a}} clúm f (genitive clúime, nominative plural clúma) Inflection templates: {{sga-decl-a-fem|clúim}}, {{sga-decl-noun|acc_du=clúim+L|acc_du2=|acc_du3=|acc_pl=clúma+H|acc_pl2=|acc_pl3=|acc_sg=clúim+N|acc_sg2=|acc_sg3=|class=ā-f|dat_du=clúmaib|dat_du2=|dat_du3=|dat_pl=clúmaib|dat_pl2=|dat_pl3=|dat_sg=clúim+L|dat_sg2=|dat_sg3=|gen_du=clúm+L|gen_du2=|gen_du3=|gen_pl=clúm+N|gen_pl2=|gen_pl3=|gen_sg=clúime+H|gen_sg2=|gen_sg3=|n=|nom_du=clúim+L|nom_du2=|nom_du3=|nom_pl=clúma+H|nom_pl2=|nom_pl3=|nom_sg=clúm+L|nom_sg2=|nom_sg3=|voc_du=clúim+L|voc_du2=|voc_du3=|voc_pl=clúma+H|voc_pl2=|voc_pl3=|voc_sg=clúm+L|voc_sg2=|voc_sg3=}}, {{sga-mutation}} Forms: clúime [genitive], clúma [nominative, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], clúm [nominative, singular], clúim [dual, nominative], clúma [nominative, plural], clúm [singular, vocative], clúim [dual, vocative], clúma [plural, vocative], clúim [accusative, singular], clúim [accusative, dual], clúma [accusative, plural], clúime [genitive, singular], clúm [dual, genitive], clúm [genitive, plural], clúim [dative, singular], clúmaib [dative, dual], clúmaib [dative, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], clúm [mutation, mutation-radical], chlúm [lenition, mutation], clúm [error-unrecognized-form, mutation]
  1. (collective) feathers, plumage Tags: collective, feminine
    Sense id: en-clúm-sga-noun-ZbH6UUJo Categories (other): Old Irish entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Feathers Disambiguation of Old Irish entries with incorrect language header: 80 20 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 79 21 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 90 10 Disambiguation of Feathers: 97 3
  2. fur, hair (of an animal) Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-clúm-sga-noun-c2cPDTqC Categories (other): Hair Disambiguation of Hair: 32 68
     
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Irish",
      "lang_code": "ga",
      "word": "clúmh"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Manx",
      "lang_code": "gv",
      "word": "clooie"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "lang_code": "gd",
      "word": "clòimh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "plūma",
      "pluma#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "*plewk-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/plewk-"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*plewk-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "plūma"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin plūma",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*plewk-",
        "t": "to fly"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *plewk- (“to fly”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin plūma, from Proto-Indo-European *plewk- (“to fly”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "clúime",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúma",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-decl-a-fem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ā-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Feminine ā-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúime",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúmaib",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúmaib",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-mutation",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúm",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlúm",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "lenition",
        "mutation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúm",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "mutation"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "nominative plural",
        "14": "clúma",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{pl2}}}",
        "17": "",
        "18": "{{{pl3}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "genitive",
        "6": "clúime",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "var": ""
      },
      "expansion": "clúm f (genitive clúime, nominative plural clúma)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "2": "clúime",
        "3": "~a"
      },
      "expansion": "clúm f (genitive clúime, nominative plural clúma)",
      "name": "sga-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "clúim"
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-a-fem"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "acc_du": "clúim+L",
        "acc_du2": "",
        "acc_du3": "",
        "acc_pl": "clúma+H",
        "acc_pl2": "",
        "acc_pl3": "",
        "acc_sg": "clúim+N",
        "acc_sg2": "",
        "acc_sg3": "",
        "class": "ā-f",
        "dat_du": "clúmaib",
        "dat_du2": "",
        "dat_du3": "",
        "dat_pl": "clúmaib",
        "dat_pl2": "",
        "dat_pl3": "",
        "dat_sg": "clúim+L",
        "dat_sg2": "",
        "dat_sg3": "",
        "gen_du": "clúm+L",
        "gen_du2": "",
        "gen_du3": "",
        "gen_pl": "clúm+N",
        "gen_pl2": "",
        "gen_pl3": "",
        "gen_sg": "clúime+H",
        "gen_sg2": "",
        "gen_sg3": "",
        "n": "",
        "nom_du": "clúim+L",
        "nom_du2": "",
        "nom_du3": "",
        "nom_pl": "clúma+H",
        "nom_pl2": "",
        "nom_pl3": "",
        "nom_sg": "clúm+L",
        "nom_sg2": "",
        "nom_sg3": "",
        "voc_du": "clúim+L",
        "voc_du2": "",
        "voc_du3": "",
        "voc_pl": "clúma+H",
        "voc_pl2": "",
        "voc_pl3": "",
        "voc_sg": "clúm+L",
        "voc_sg2": "",
        "voc_sg3": ""
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sga-mutation"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "80 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "79 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "90 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "97 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "sga",
          "name": "Feathers",
          "orig": "sga:Feathers",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "feathers, plumage"
      ],
      "id": "en-clúm-sga-noun-ZbH6UUJo",
      "links": [
        [
          "feather",
          "feather"
        ],
        [
          "plumage",
          "plumage"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(collective) feathers, plumage"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "collective",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "32 68",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "sga",
          "name": "Hair",
          "orig": "sga:Hair",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "fur, hair (of an animal)"
      ],
      "id": "en-clúm-sga-noun-c2cPDTqC",
      "links": [
        [
          "fur",
          "fur"
        ],
        [
          "hair",
          "hair"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkluːβ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "clúm"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Irish feminine nouns",
    "Old Irish lemmas",
    "Old Irish nouns",
    "Old Irish terms derived from Latin",
    "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *plewk-",
    "Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Old Irish ā-stem nouns",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "sga:Feathers",
    "sga:Hair"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Irish",
      "lang_code": "ga",
      "word": "clúmh"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Manx",
      "lang_code": "gv",
      "word": "clooie"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "lang_code": "gd",
      "word": "clòimh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "plūma",
      "pluma#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "*plewk-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/plewk-"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*plewk-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "plūma"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin plūma",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*plewk-",
        "t": "to fly"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *plewk- (“to fly”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin plūma, from Proto-Indo-European *plewk- (“to fly”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "clúime",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúma",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-decl-a-fem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ā-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Feminine ā-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúime",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúmaib",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúmaib",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-mutation",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúm",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlúm",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "lenition",
        "mutation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "clúm",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "mutation"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "nominative plural",
        "14": "clúma",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{pl2}}}",
        "17": "",
        "18": "{{{pl3}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "genitive",
        "6": "clúime",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "var": ""
      },
      "expansion": "clúm f (genitive clúime, nominative plural clúma)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "2": "clúime",
        "3": "~a"
      },
      "expansion": "clúm f (genitive clúime, nominative plural clúma)",
      "name": "sga-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "clúim"
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-a-fem"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "acc_du": "clúim+L",
        "acc_du2": "",
        "acc_du3": "",
        "acc_pl": "clúma+H",
        "acc_pl2": "",
        "acc_pl3": "",
        "acc_sg": "clúim+N",
        "acc_sg2": "",
        "acc_sg3": "",
        "class": "ā-f",
        "dat_du": "clúmaib",
        "dat_du2": "",
        "dat_du3": "",
        "dat_pl": "clúmaib",
        "dat_pl2": "",
        "dat_pl3": "",
        "dat_sg": "clúim+L",
        "dat_sg2": "",
        "dat_sg3": "",
        "gen_du": "clúm+L",
        "gen_du2": "",
        "gen_du3": "",
        "gen_pl": "clúm+N",
        "gen_pl2": "",
        "gen_pl3": "",
        "gen_sg": "clúime+H",
        "gen_sg2": "",
        "gen_sg3": "",
        "n": "",
        "nom_du": "clúim+L",
        "nom_du2": "",
        "nom_du3": "",
        "nom_pl": "clúma+H",
        "nom_pl2": "",
        "nom_pl3": "",
        "nom_sg": "clúm+L",
        "nom_sg2": "",
        "nom_sg3": "",
        "voc_du": "clúim+L",
        "voc_du2": "",
        "voc_du3": "",
        "voc_pl": "clúma+H",
        "voc_pl2": "",
        "voc_pl3": "",
        "voc_sg": "clúm+L",
        "voc_sg2": "",
        "voc_sg3": ""
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sga-mutation"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Irish collective nouns"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "feathers, plumage"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "feather",
          "feather"
        ],
        [
          "plumage",
          "plumage"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(collective) feathers, plumage"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "collective",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "fur, hair (of an animal)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fur",
          "fur"
        ],
        [
          "hair",
          "hair"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkluːβ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "clúm"
}

Download raw JSONL data for clúm meaning in Old Irish (5.0kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.